Title: Multi-scale roles of water in electrocatalytic CO ₂ and CO reduction

Authors: He, Xiaoyang; Zhou, Weiwen; Chen, Junxiong; Zhang, Qinghong; Wang, Ye; Xie, Shunji*

Abstract: This review presents the first comprehensive multi-scale framework for water regulation in CO 2 RR and CORR, outlining its roles across multi-scales, advanced regulation strategies, in situ characterization techniques, and future research directions.

Full-Link: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2026/cs/d5cs01088h